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Important Notes on Oracle Application Server

Administration I

 

Describe an overview of the Oracle Application Server.

It is a complete and integrated platform to develop, deploy, and administer an Internet application using industry’s browsers.

 

What are the Oracle Application Server solution areas?

  1. HTTP Server, J2EE, and Web Services:  The HTTP interface for all the Oracle Application Server components. J2EE enables a user to design, develop, and deploy dynamic Web sites. You use the Web services to expose business functions to authorized parties over the internet.

  2. Portals: You can build, deploy, and maintain self-service by using portals in the Oracle Application Server.

  3. Wireless: It simplifies development and deployment of an application in a wireless environment.

  4. Caching: It caches static and dynamic web content.

  5. Business Intelligence: It provides a dynamic personalized content to both registered and anonymous visitors.

  6. Integration: It integrates the Oracle Application server users to many non-Oracle data sources.

  7. Availability and Scalability:

  8. Management and Security: It uses secure sockets layer (SSL) connections and client certificate based authentication and single sign-on across all applications. It implements an LDAP directory that provides a single repository and administration environment for a use account.

What are the OracleAS Middle-Tier components and solutions?

  1. J2EE and Web Services

    1. Oracle HTTP sever

    2. OracleAS Containers for J2EE

    3. OracleAS TopLink

    4. Oracle Business components for Java

    5. OracleAS web Services

    6. Oracle XML Developer Kit

    7. Oracle PL/SQL

    8. OracleAS MapViewer

  2. Business Intelligence

    1. OracleAS Reports Services

    2. OracleAS Forms Services

    3. OracleAS Discoverer

    4. OracleAS personalization

  3. Portal

    1. OracleAS Portal

    2. OracleAS Portal Developer Kit

  4. Wireless

    1. OracleAS wireless

  5. Caching

    1. OracleAS Web Cache

  6. Integration

    1. OracleAS InterConnect

    2. OracleAS ProcessConnect

What is the Oracle HTTP Server?

It provides a Web Listener for OracleAS containers such as J2EE (OC4J), Java, XML, PL/SQL, PERL, C, C++, etc. The following modules are enhancement to Oracle HTTP Server such as mod_plsql, mod_perl, mod_fastcgi, mod_oc4j, mod_oradav, mod_ossl, mod_ossso, and more.

 

What are the Oracle Application Server management tools?

  1. OEM – Oracle Enterprise Manager

  2. DCM – Distributed Configuration Management (dcmctl)

  3. OPMN – Oracle Process management and Notification Server (opmnctl)

What are the OracleAS infrastructure components?

The OracleAS infrastructure components are grouped into two categories:

  1. Identity Management components: it contains schemas for components such as Portal and Wireless.

  2. OracleAS Metadata Repository components: It is a consistent security model for all applications. It contains: a) Oracle Internet Directory b) OracleAS Delegated Administration Services c) Oracle Directory Integration and Provisioning d) OracleAS Certificate authority.

Oracle Application Server Topology

  1. Client tier: PC, Cell phone, or PDA

  2. Middle tier: HOST1-  J2EE and WebCache, HOST2- Portal and wireless, HOST3- Portal and wireless, HOST4- BI Business Intelligence and forms, HOST5- etc.

  3. Infrastructure: HOSTn- Single Sign On and OID, HOSTm- Metadata repository.

What is a minimum requirement for OracleAS infrastructure?

  1. 1GB memory: In Linux, check the memory - # free

  2. 2.5 – 4 GB Disk space: # df –k

How to start an OracleAS infrastructure?

  1. Start the database listener: # lsnrctl start

  2. Start the repository database: # sql> startup

  3. Start the processes of the Oracle Infrastructure instance: # opmnctl startall

  4. start the OracleAS Console: # emctl start iasconsole    then http://host:1810

How to stop an OracleAS infrastructure?

  1. Stop the OracleAS Console: # emctl stop iasconsole

  2. Stop the processes of the Oracle Infrastructure instance: # opmnctl stopall

  3. Stop the repository database: # sql> shutdown immediate;

  4. Stop the database listener: # lsnrctl stop

How to access OracleAS infrastructure?

  1. Portal welcome page: http://host:port/pls/portal

  2. Reports Services: http://host:port/reports/rwservlet

  3. Forms Services: http://host:port/forms90/f90servlet

How to stop and start OracleAS infrastructure?

# opmnctl startall – use the Oracle Process Monitoring and Notification to start

# opmnctl stopall – use the Oracle Process Monitoring and Notification to stop

 

How to change or maintain OracleAS infrastructure?

# dcmctl

 

Basic concepts of LDAP and

Oracle Internet Directory Server

 

What is a Directory?

It is a different structure database that stores data, which can be searched easily for a special purpose.

 

What is LDAP?

LDAP is a lightweight of DAP. It is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard. An LDAP directory is organized in the form of a simple hierarchical tree known as Directory Information Tree (DIT).

 

What is DAP?

It is a protocol to access database directory – Directory Access Protocol (DAP).

 

What is OID?

OID or Oracle Internet Directory is Oracle’s implementation of LDAP. It provides directory services to the Oracle database and the Oracle Application Server.

 

What are the security benefits of OID?

OID – Oracle Internet Directory provides the following security benefits:

  1. Data integrity

  2. Data confidentiality

  3. Password protection

  4. Data access control

What are OID Monitor and OID Control Utilities?

OID Monitor Utility initiates, monitors, and terminates the OID server processes. All the activities are logged in the $ORACLE_HOME/ldap/log/oidmon.log file.  The OID Monitor process must be running to process commands from OID control utility.  To start/stop the OID Monitor process do the following:

# oidmon connect=net_service_name sleep=10 start/stop  -- the command starts/stops OID monitor and every 10 seconds checks to restart any servers that may have stopped not by the “stop” option.

OID Control Utility stops and starts the server OID instance processes.

 

What is Oracle Directory Manager?

It is a Java-based GUI tool to maintain and administer Oracle Internet Directory data. By default the port in which the OID instance is running is 389 or 4032.

To run it just enter # oidadmin

 

Managing and configuring Oracle HTTP Server

What is Oracle HTTP Server?

Oracle HTTP Server or OHS is an extension of the standard Apache distribution. It provides a robust and reliable Web server. You can access to FORMS, REPORTS, Discoverer, and Portal via the Web.  You can access to Oracle stored procedures with a PL/SQL engine. It provides failover and supports J2EE (OC4J).

 

How to start and stop the HTTP Server manually:

The Oracle HTTP Server –OHS- is managed by the OPMN utility.

# cd $ORACLE_HOME/opmn/bin

# ./opmnctl startproc process-type=HTTP_Server  -- starts the process

# ./opmnctl stopproc process-type=HTTP_Server  -- stops the process

# ./opmnctl status – gives status information

 

List the name of all Oracle HTTP Server configuration files.

  • httpd.conf

  • mod_oc4j.conf

  • mime.types jsev.conf

  • oracle_appache.conf

  • aqxml.conf

  • moddav.conf

  • plsql.conf

  • ojsp.conf

  • xml.conf

How do you allow access from specific IP addresses or machine name?

Change your httpd.conf file to add the following lines:

<Location /server-status>

   SetHandler server-status

   Order deny,allow

   Deny from all

   Allow from xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

</Location>

 

Configuring Directives and Virtual Hosts

What is directive?

Directives are files to use for configuring the server.  For example, the web master of an Oracle HTTP Server contains more than 120 directives at his or her disposal for configuring the server. It contains container directives. The containers have opening and closing tag. Any directive that doesn’t appear within a container applies to the entire serve.

 

What is the <Directory> directive and how do you maintain it?

It is a group of directives that apply to the named directory and subdirectories.

Examples of how to maintain the <Directory> directive:

<Directory /> -- refers to the whole file system.

   Options none

   AllowOverride none

</Directory>

 

<Directory /home/myfiles/*> --refers to the myfiles subdirectory under home.

   AllowOverride none

</Directory>

 

<DirectoryMatch “/u0[1-6]/”>  --refers to directories that start with u0 and end with a number from 1 to 6

   AllowOverride none

</Directory>

 

How to use IP-Based or Name-Based Virtual Hosts?

<VirtualHost 200.200.200.2 200.200.200.3>

   DocumentRoot /usr/virtual/htdocs/home

   ServerName www.iselfschooling.com

   ErrorLog /usr/virtual/logs/error_log

</VirtualHost>

 

<VirtualHost www.iselfschooling.com>

   DocumentRoot /usr/virtual/htdocs/home

   ServerName www.iselfschooling.com

   ErrorLog /usr/virtual/logs/error_log

</VirtualHost>

 

 

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