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Windows 2000 Enhancements 

Introduction to Windows 2000 Features 

Windows 2000 Desktop 

Microsoft Management Console 

Saving An MMC 

MMC Author Mode and User Mode 

Task Scheduler 

Task Scheduler Wizard 

Task Scheduler Tasks 

Support for Multiple Monitors 

Installing Multiple Monitors 

Windows File Protection (WFP) 

WFP Files 

WFP Catalog 

Windows File Protection Inactivated 

Windows Driver Model (WDM) 

WDM Power Management 

What Is A Service Packs 

Service Packs 

Service Packs and Windows File Protection (WFP) 

Service Packs Backup 

Service Packs Testing 

Windows Drivers CAB File 

Location of CAB Files 

Task Manager Monitoring 

Application Tabs of Task Manager 

Processes Tabs of Task Manager 

Performance Tabs of Task Manager 

Event Viewer 

Security Log 

Event Viewer Logs 

Event Viewer Events 

Event Viewer Logs Files 

Security Log Events 

Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) 

 

Windows 2000  Enhancements

Introduction to Windows 2000  Features

  • There are a number of features within windows 2000 which are either unique to windows 2000 or have been improved from windows NT4 or windows 9x

  • These features include:

    • Improved desktop environment and MMC

    • Windows Task Scheduler

    • Multiple Monitor Support

    • Service Packs

    • Windows File Protection (WFP )

    • Windows Driver Model (WDM )

    • Windows CAB  files

    • Task Manager

    • Event Viewer

    • Internet  connection sharing

  • All these advanced features of windows 2000 such as WFP , WDM , Tasks Scheduler, MMC , Multiple monitor support, Event viewer, ICS  etc make this environment a superior operating system  to its predecessors

 

  • Windows 2000  Features

  • Microsoft Management Console (MMC )

  • Task Scheduler

  • Support for Multiple Monitors

  • Service Packs

  • Windows File Protection (WFP )

  • Windows Driver Model (WDM )

  • Windows Driver CAB  Files

  • Task Manager

  • Event Viewer

  • Internet  Connection Sharing  (ICS )

 

Windows 2000  Desktop

  • The Windows desktop environment is based on the windows 9x  environment, which makes it very user friendly and web  interactive.

  • It contains a log off and shut down dialog box and has the logoff option on the start menu . The desktop environment also contains the Microsoft management console (MMC ) and the task scheduler which are discussed later.

Microsoft Management Console

  • The Microsoft Management Console (MMC ) is a administrative tool provided in windows 2000 to presents in one window an integration of a number of user selected administrative components referred to as snap-ins.

  • The user can create a customized MMC , open an MMC, save and MMC and add/ remove components referred to as snap-ins within an MMC console to facilitate the task required to be achieved by the MMC.

Saving An MMC

  • These customized MMC  consoles can be saved and used whenever required, shared to other administrators, or simply delegated to other users for tasks assigned to them.

MMC  Author Mode and User Mode

  • MMC  offers two console modes defining how the console operates, these modes include the user mode and the Author mode

  • Author mode  is the default mode, which allows the console to be changed by the user at any time.

  • User Mode  can restrict the user from changing the MMC  or saving the MMC. User mode has three separate options which are Full Access, Delegated Access Multiple Windows, and Delegated Access Single Window.

 

Exercise(Adding an MMC )

  1. Click on start then run

  2. Type MMC  and click on OK

  3. On the console1 window click on the console menu and select Add/Remove snap-in

  4. On the Add/Remove snap-in window click on the Add button

  5. On the Add standalone snap-in window click on the computer management icon and then click on add

  6. On the computer management window choose the default Local Computer and then click on finish

  7. On the Add standalone snap-in window click on the disk management icon and then click on add

  8. On the disk management window choose the default Local Computer and then click on finish

  9. Click on close on the Add standalone snap-in window

  10. Click on OK on the Add/remove snap-in window

  11. On the console1 window click on the console menu and choose the save as menu option.

  12. On the save as window choose the desktop on the save in screen

  13. Leave the file name as console1.mcs and then click on the save button.

  14. You should see the console1 icon appear on the desktop that can be reused by double clicking on them.

 

 

Task Scheduler

  • The Task scheduler is Windows 2000  answer to the batch file, which allows windows to schedule a routine task according to the date, time or an event.

  • We could also write  scripts to achieve the same goal.

Task Scheduler  Wizard

  • Windows 2000  offers you an easy to use wizard guiding you through the scheduled tasks setup and allowing you to set parameters such as application to run, name of task, task frequency, time and date to start process, user name and password , and an advanced options.

Task Scheduler  Tasks

  •  Tasks Folder inside the control panel, which can include running backup, anti-virus  program or other maintenance utilities.

   

Exercise(Adding a scheduled task)

1.      Click on start-->Programs-->Accessories -->System tools-->Scheduled tasks

2.      On the scheduled task window Double click in the add scheduled task icon

3.      On the add scheduled task wizard window click on the next button

4.      From the list  of applications  scroll down and click on the calculator icon and then click on the next button.

5.      Now click on the when I log on radio button and then click on the next button

6.      Do not type any passwords on the next screen and just click on the next button.

7.      Finally click on finish to add the scheduled task.

8.      Now logout of the system and when you login again the calculator should appear on the screen automatically.

 

 

Support for Multiple Monitors

  • You can expand your work area using multiple monitors up to 10 screens in windows 2000, which is useful in graphical tasks.

  • You can use the application on one screen and yet have your main window open on another screen.

Installing Multiple Monitors

  • There are several steps involved in having a Multiple screen setup in windows 2000,

  • Install a second SVGA  card on your system preferably a PCI  card; ISA  cards may not operate for this dual Monitor function.

  • When windows 2000 starts up, it will detect your second SVGA  card and plug and play will install the appropriate drivers .

  • Once windows recognizes the second SVGA  card it will activate the card, which can then be configured to expand the screen by configuring the display properties

 

Windows File Protection (WFP )

  • Windows File Protection (WFP ) is one of the components of windows protecting it from important operating system  files  being removed from it by applications  during their installation

WFP  Files

  • WFP  prevents the deletion of system files  such as .SYS , .DLL , .EXE, .FON,.OCX,.TTF etc and if any such files are deleted it will replace the file with the original file and makes an entry in the event log reporting the file replacements.

WFP  Catalog

  • Windows 2000  maintains a catalog of all the files , which need to be protected, and if a file is deleted from that list , using the catalog windows can restore the original file from a backup copy stored in a hidden  dllcach folder.

Windows File Protection Inactivated

  • WFP  allows the system files  to be replace if

  • Performing an update or service pack  by running update.exe

  • System is performing a Hotfix by running HOTFIX.EXE

  • The operating system  is upgraded to a higher version and WINNT32.EXE is run.

Windows Driver Model (WDM )

  • Microsoft introduced the windows driver  model (WDM ) with windows 98 allowing all windows products to follows a standard in drivers

  • WDM  resulted in drivers  released for a particular device on one windows platform e.g. windows 98 can be applied to another windows platform windows 2000 professional.

WDM  Power  Management

  • WDM  also helps incorporate plug and play and power management features with Advanced Configuration and Power  Interface (ACPI).

What Is A Service Packs

  • Microsoft releases service packs regularly, which contain patches  for fixing certain components of the operating system  and also upgrade the operating system to some of the latest hardware currently in the market.

Service Packs

  • Service packs need to be installed separately in windows 9x  and Windows NT  after the operating system  was fully installed.

  • Windows 2000  allows administrators to include the Service pack as part of the installation  itself in a process referred to as slipstreaming.

 

Service Packs and Windows File Protection (WFP )

  • Windows 2000  allows a service pack  to override WFP  and also updates the catalog after each service pack to include the new files  added

  • The cab files  used to restore deleted windows 2000 files is also updated with an SP.CAB  file added for the service pack .

Service Packs Backup

  • During the installation  of a service pack  windows allows you to backup important files  which allow you to restore the original operating if the service pack fails in a folder called $NTServicePackUninstall$.

Service Packs Testing

  • To uninstall the service pack  type uninstall sp1 for service pack 1 to be uninstalled.

  • After the service pack  has been deployed ensure that the system has been fully tested and works normally.

Windows Drivers CAB  File

  • Window 2000 copies the system drivers  which are on the installation  CD  in a folder on the hard drive  during installation incase they need to be used in the future when installing new hardware devices  on the system.

Location of CAB  Files

  • These drivers  are stored in the folder in \%SYSTEMROOT%\DRIVER\CACHE\DRIVER.CAB

  • All new service packs drivers  are stored in the subdirectory  SPx.CAB  where x is the version of the service pack .

Task Manager  Monitoring

  • Windows 2000  task manager gives you a real time monitoring capability and a timed report of computer performance , system processes and running applications  currently on the system.

  • The Task manager  can also start new tasks, stop any applications  and processes currently running which have stopped responding, and adjust the priority of running applications.

Application Tabs of Task Manager

  • The Application tab allows you to monitor the status of running application and allows you to end task, switch task, or start a new task.

Processes Tabs of Task Manager

  • The Processes tab informs you of the process ID, CPU  percentage used up, CPU time of process, Memory usage etc of all the processes. You can also end any processes.

Performance Tabs of Task Manager

  • The system performance  information  is a real time current status information about the system processor and memory  and the loads on your kernel etc.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Exercise (Running Task manager )

Click on Alt +Ctrl + Del simultaneously

On the windows security windows click on the task manager button

Now you can toggle between the three tabs at the top which are Applications, Processes, and Performance.

 

Event Viewer

  • The event viewer  allows us to view previously logged information  regarding the system itself; the applications  currently installed within it and security factors within the environment.

Security  Log

  • The security log needs to be enables and later viewed only by the system administrator  auditing access success or failure to folder and files  by the different system users.

Event Viewer Logs

  • System Log: Records general and coded information  about the system components load success and failure during windows 2000 boot up  and routine activity.

  • Application Log : Records general and coded information  about the application components load success and failure during application startup .

  • Security  Log: needs to be activated to monitor login activity and auditing particular user activity on files  and folders .

Event Viewer Events

  • Event viewer generally produces 3 types of responses Information , Warning , and error

  • Information : The successful achievement of an operation e.g. loading drivers , starting and stopping processes.

  • Warning : This event is not harmful as yet but may become an error if ignored e.g. not obtaining IP  addresses from DHCP  or limited disk space.

  • Error : failed services  and applications , data loss events all will cause an error event

Event Viewer Logs Files

  • The log files  can be saved for future reference if required. All the log files have different size limitations, which are configurable for each log ranging in size from 64KB to 4GB with a default size of 512KB.

  • When the log files  reach their size limitation you can either overwrite the events as needed, overwrite the events older than a certain number of days, or clear the logs manually .

Security  Log Events

  • Success Audit : a security audit event that was successful by the audited client

  • Failure Audit : a security audit event that was resulted in failure by the audited client.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Exercise (Viewing event viewer )

Click on start --> settings-->Control panel

Double click on the administrative tools  icon

Double click on the event viewer  icon

You can now select to view any of the three icons which are Application, System, and Security .

Internet  Connection Sharing  (ICS )

  • You can allow several computers to access the Internet  through a single fast Internet connection using ICS .

  • The computer which has ICS  installed on it has direct access to the Internet  and provides a pathway for the other computers in the local LAN  to access the Internet.

 Questions

 

  1. What are the different modes of MMC? (Choose all that apply)

    1. Author mode

b.      Admin mode

    1. User mode

    2. Full mode

    3. Restricted mode

  1. How many monitors can windows professional support

    1. 1

    2. 5

    3. 10

    4. 25

    5. 12

  2. What are the features of a windows 2000 service pack? (Choose all that apply)

    1. It is a mini setup

    2. It contains patches  and fixes

    3. It cannot be undone

    4. It can be slip streamed

    5. It must be performed before the installation  of the operating system

  3. What are the features of WFP? (Choose all that apply)

    1. Backup  all files

    2. Switched off during a service pack

    3. It prevents the deletion of all important system files

    4. Switched off during a upgrade

    5. Protects personal files

  4. What files  are protected by WFP? (Choose all that apply)

    1. .SYS

    2. .BAT

    3. .DLL

    4. .EXE

    5. OCX

  5. Which operating systems employ WDM? (Choose all that apply)

    1. Windows 95

    2. Windows NT

    3. Windows 98

    4. Windows 2000

    5. Windows ME

  6. What are the features of the windows task manager? (Choose all that apply)

    1. View running applications

    2. View running processes

    3. Start  processes

    4. View system performance

    5. Design processes

  7. What are the main logs employed by the event viewer? (Choose all that apply)

    1. Application log

    2. Data log

    3. Program log

    4. Security  log

    5. System log

  8. What is the function of ICS? (Choose all that apply)

    1. Connects a LAN  to the internet

    2. Uses private IP  addresses on LAN

    3. Requires 2 network  cards

    4. Ideal for large LAN ’s

    5. Connects the internet to the LAN

Answers

  1. A,C

  2. C

  3. A,B,D

  4. A,C,D

  5. A,C,D,E

  6. C,D,E

  7. A.B.D

  8. A,D,E

  9. A,B,C

 

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