"No
one can make you feel inferior without your
consent."
-Eleanor
Roosevelt (1884-1962)
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What
is Oracle9iAS and how to install it (Oracle Internet Application
Server)?
Oracle9iAS
contains the following components: Oracle9iAS Portal, Oracle9iAS
Application Server middle-tier, Oracle Internet Directory (OID),
Single Sign-On Server (SSO), and Oracle9i database.
Oracle9iAS
Portal enables you to build, manage, and deploy the pages,
portlets and applications that will be included in your Web portal.
Oracle9iAS
Application Server middle-tier provides several component
pieces, including: Oracle HTTP Server, Parallel Page engine (PPE),
mod_plsql, and Oracle9iAS Web Cache.
Oracle
Internet Directory is an LDAP repository for storing user
credentials and group memberships for Oracle9iAS Portal and other
Oracle products.
Single
Sign-On Server (SSO) authenticates user credentials against OID
for Oracle9iAS Portal and other applications.
Oracle9i
database stores the objects that comprise Oracle9iAS Portal,
OID and SSO and known as the Oracle9iAS Portal Repository.
In
this article we highlighted important install steps to be aware of.
These are important steps in order to complete the Oracle9iAS
installation successfully.
OS
patches
The
Solaris Operating System patches you need to download and install
before installing Oracle9iAS. You can download the patches from:
http://sunsolve.sun.com
For
example if you have Solaris 8 the following are the recommended
patches:
Latest
recommended patch cluster
Xsun
patch: 108652-37 or higher
CDE
dtwm patch: 108921-13 or higher
Motif
2.1 patch: 108940-37 or higher
Portal
and Wireless patch: 112138-01 or higher
Certified
Software
Installing
and operating Oracle9iAS requires a Web browser. Some of the
Oracle9iAS installations require an Oracle database. A complete list
of certified software, including databases and Web browsers, for
Oracle9iAS is located at Oracle MetaLink: http://metalink.oracle.com
Preinstallation
Tasks
Review
and complete the following preinstallation tasks before installing
Oracle9iAS:
Release
Notes
Oracle
recommends reading the Oracle9i Application Server Release Notes prior
to installing Oracle9iAS. Oracle9i Application Server Release Notes
are available with Oracle platform-specific documentation and are
available at the OTN Web site at:
http://technet.oracle.com/docs/index.htm
Component
Dependent Configuration
Oracle9iAS
Unified Messaging
In
order to store data on a customer database, the database must be
configured before Oracle9iAS Unified Messaging installation.
Information about Oracle9iAS Unified Messaging is available in the
Oracle9iAS Unified Messaging Administrator's Guide.
Setting
Environment Variables
The
following environment variables must be verified before starting
Oracle Universal Installer:
ORACLE_HOME
Oracle
home is the root directory in which Oracle software is installed.
Oracle
homes are identified by name. The Oracle home name identifies the
program group associated with a specific Oracle home and the installed
Oracle services associated with the home.
Multiple
instances of Oracle9iAS install types (J2EE and Web Cache, Business
Intelligence and Forms, Portal and Wireless, and Unified Messaging)
must be installed in separate Oracle homes on the same computer.
However, a previous Oracle9iAS instance can be extended to larger
install type using Oracle Universal Installer. It is not possible to
downgrade a larger install type to a smaller install type.
You
must install Oracle9iAS Infrastructure in its own Oracle home
directory, preferably on a separate host. The Oracle9iAS installation
cannot exist in the same Oracle home as the Oracle9iAS Infrastructure
installation.
Components
from the Oracle9iAS Developer Kits installation are installed as part
of the Oracle9iAS installation. Oracle9iAS Developer Kits can be
installed on a separate host to set up a development environment.
Oracle9iAS
installations require a unique instance name and administrative (ias_admin)
password during initial installation on a host. Additional
installations of Oracle9iAS on the host in the same Oracle home
require the ias_admin password to continue with the installation.
Installations in a different Oracle home require an instance name and
the ias_admin password before continuing with the installation.
Preventing
Conflicts With Other Oracle Homes
To
prevent a conflict between the software in an existing Oracle home and
the Oracle9iAS installation, you must remove all references to the
existing Oracle home in your environment. Follow these steps to remove
these references.
Unset
your existing Oracle home variable using the following command.
C
shell Bourne/Korn shell
prompt>
unsetenv ORACLE_HOME
prompt>
unset ORACLE_HOME
Edit
your PATH, CLASSPATH, and LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variables so
they do not use the existing Oracle home value.
Note:
Be
sure to set your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable to include
ORACLE_HOME/lib.
Be
sure your PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, and CLASSPATH environment variables
do not exceed 1,024 characters. Longer variable names might generate
errors such as "Word too long" during installation.
DISPLAY
Set
the DISPLAY environment variable to refer to the X Server that will
display the installer. The format of the DISPLAY environment variable
is:
hostname:display_number.screen_number
Installing
From a Remote Machine
Setting
the DISPLAY environment variable enables you to run the Oracle
Universal Installer remotely from another workstation. On the system
where you launch the Oracle Universal Installer, set DISPLAY to the
system name or IP address of your local workstation.
Shell
Types On server where the installer is running In session on your
workstation
C
shell
prompt>
setenv DISPLAY hostname:0.0
prompt>
xhost +server_name
Bourne
or Korn shell
prompt>
DISPLAY=hostname:0.0 ; export DISPLAY
prompt>
xhost +server_name
TMP
During
installation, Oracle Universal Installer uses a temporary directory
for swap space. This directory must meet the requirements listed in
Section 2.1, "Hardware Requirements" before installing
Oracle9iAS. The installation may fail if you do not have sufficient
space. The installer checks for the TMP environment variable to locate
the temporary directory. If this environment variable does not exist,
then the installer uses the /tmp directory. Set the TMP environment
variable using the following command.
C
shell Bourne/Korn shell
prompt>
setenv TMP full_path
prompt>
TMP=full_path;export TMP
TNS_ADMIN
TNS_ADMIN
points to the directory where Net configuration files are stored.
If
TNS_ADMIN is set on your system, you will have conflicts between that
directory and the directory where the Oracle9iAS Net configuration
files are created. You will also have conflicts if the configuration
files are in a common directory outside of the Oracle home for your
other Oracle product. For example, your system may use /var/opt/oracle/tnsnames.ora
for database aliases.
To
prevent conflicts between the Net configuration files for different
Oracle products, copy the configuration files from either TNS_ADMIN or
the common directory to ORACLE_HOME/network/admin for the other
products and unset TNS_ADMIN using the following command.
C
shell Bourne/Korn shell
prompt>
unsetenv TNS_ADMIN
prompt>
unset TNS_ADMIN
Hostnames
File Configuration
Oracle
Universal Installer requires that the fully qualified hostname
information appear in the configuration files for your computer. A
fully qualified hostname includes both the name of the system and its
domain.
Verify
that /etc/hosts.* has the following format:
IP_ADDRESS
FULLY_QUALIFIED_HOSTNAME SHORT_HOSTNAME ALIASES
The
following example shows a properly configured /etc/hosts.* file:
148.87.9.44
oasdocs.us.oracle.com oasdocs oracleinstall
In
addition to /etc/hosts, ensure the following files use the fully
qualified hostname:
/etc/nodename
/etc/inet/hosts
/etc/hostname.*
/etc/net/ticlts/hosts
/etc/net/ticots/hosts
/etc/net/ticotsord/hosts
/etc/inet/ipnodes
Note:
The
hostname may appear in each of these files more than once. You must
add the domain information to every occurrence of the hostname
Failure
to properly configure the hostname information in the listed files may
result in runtime errors during Oracle9iAS installation.
Creating
UNIX Accounts and Groups
The
following UNIX account and groups are required for the installation
process:
UNIX
Group Name for the Oracle Universal Installer Inventory
Use
the admintool or groupadd utility to create a group name. For example,
oinstall. The oinstall group will own Oracle Universal Installer's
oraInventory directory. The oracle user account that runs the
installation must have the oinstall group as its primary group.
UNIX
Account to Own Oracle Software
The
oracle account is the UNIX account that owns Oracle software for your
system. You must run Oracle Universal Installer from this account.
Oracle
Account Properties
Variable
Property
Login
Name
Select
any name to access the account. This document refers to the name as
the oracle account.
Group
Identifier
The
oinstall group.
Home
Directory
Select
a home directory consistent with other user home directories.
Login
Shell
The
default shell can be either the C, Bourne, or Korn shell.
Note:
Use
the oracle account only for installing and maintaining Oracle
software. Never use it for purposes unrelated to the Oracle Universal
Installer. Do not use root as the oracle account.
UNIX
Group Names for Privileged Groups
Two
groups, the database operator group and the database administrator
group, are required for Oracle9iAS Infrastructure installation. Oracle
documentation refers to these groups as OSOPER and OSDBA,
respectively. Databases use these groups for operating system
authentication. This is necessary in situations where the database is
shut down and database authentication is unavailable.
The
privileges of these groups are given to either a single UNIX group or
two corresponding UNIX groups. There are two ways to choose which
groups get the privileges:
If
the oracle account is a member of the dba group before starting the
installer, then dba is given the privileges of both OSOPER and OSDBA.
If
the oracle account is not a member of the dba group, then the
installer will prompt you for the group names that get these
privileges.
The
following table lists the privileges for the OSOPER and OSDBA groups.
Group
Privileges
OSOPER
Permits
the user to perform STARTUP, SHUTDOWN, ALTER DATABASE OPEN/MOUNT,
ALTER DATABASE BACKUP, ARCHIVE LOG, and RECOVER, and includes the
RESTRICTED SESSION privilege.
OSDBA
Contains
all system privileges with ADMIN OPTION, and the OSOPER role; permits
CREATE DATABASE and time-based recover.
Port
Allocation
Following
installation, Oracle Universal Installer creates a file showing the
port assignments during installation of Oracle9iAS components. The
installation process automatically detects any port conflicts and
selects an alternate port in the range allocated for that component.
Appendix F, "Default Port Numbers and Port Ranges" lists the
default port ranges. The file titled portlist.ini is located at:
OracleHome/install/portlist.ini
This
file lists component entries as"port name = port value". For
example:
Oracle
HTTP Server port = 7777
Oracle
HTTP Server SSL port = 4443
Oracle
HTTP Server listen port = 7778
Oracle
HTTP Server SSL listen port = 4444
Oracle
HTTP Server Jserv port = 8007
Enterprise
Manager Servlet port = 1810
You
can also view the port numbers by pointing your browser to the
Oracle9iAS Welcome page and selecting the Ports tab
Oracle9iAS
Infrastructure Port Usage
Installation
of Oracle9iAS Infrastructure requires exclusive use of port 1521 on
your computer. If one of your current system applications uses this
port, then complete one of the following actions before installing
Oracle9iAS Infrastructure:
If
you have an existing application using port 1521, then reconfigure the
existing application to use another port.
If
you have an existing Oracle Net listener and an Oracle9i database,
then proceed with the installation of Oracle9iAS Infrastructure. Your
Oracle9iAS Infrastructure will use the existing Oracle Net listener.
If
you have an existing Net8 listener in use by an Oracle8i database,
then you must upgrade to the Oracle9i Net listener version by
installing Oracle9iAS Infrastructure. See Section 2.5.6.1.1, "To
upgrade your existing Net8 listener".
Configuring
Kernel Parameters
The
Oracle9iAS Metadata Repository and Oracle Internet Directory,
installed as part of the Oracle9iAS Infrastructure installation,
requires you to configure your system kernel parameters. Review your
kernel parameter settings to ensure that they meet Oracle9iAS Metadata
Repository and Oracle Internet Directory requirements. You may
experience errors during installation or operational errors after
installation if this is not completed.
Kernel
Parameter Settings
Check
kernel parameters are sufficiently high. The following are recommended
in general, however testing with lower values has also proved
acceptable. The
alternative lower values are shown in brackets:-
set
shmsys:shminfo_shmmax=4294967295 (536870912)
set shmsys:shminfo_shmmin=1 (1)
set shmsys:shminfo_shmmni=512 (100)
set shmsys:shminfo_shmseg=128 (10)
set
semsys:seminfo_semmap=64 (64)
set semsys:seminfo_semmni=4096 (200)
set semsys:seminfo_semmns=4096 (500)
set semsys:seminfo_semmsl=4096 (256)
set semsys:seminfo_semmnu=4096 (1400)
set semsys:seminfo_semume=64 (200)
set semsys:seminfo_semopm=100 (110)
Oracle
Universal Installer
This
section describes how Oracle9iAS uses Oracle Universal Installer for
installation. It includes the following topics:
Prerequisite
Checks
The
Oracle Universal Installer automatically checks your computer prior to
installation to verify that your system meets operational
requirements.
Oracle
Universal Installer Automatic Prerequisite Checks
Check
for enough disk space for Oracle home installation
Check
for TMP (/var/tmp) variable and sufficient swap space
Check
that the install host has enough RAM
Verify
existence of one infrastructure per host installation (All Oracle9iAS
instances on one host share the same infrastructure)
Check
the /etc/hosts file.
Prohibit
installation of Oracle9iAS Infrastructure into an existing Oracle9iAS
home
Check
for Solaris Operating Environment 32 version 2.6 or later
Ensure
that the value of ORACLE_HOME does not contain spaces
Verify
the monitor has 256 color viewing capability
Verify
installation of correct Solaris kernel patches
Verify
operational requirements of the CPU
Verify
paths of LD_LIBRARY_PATH, PATH, and CLASSPATH
oraInventory
Directory
The
Oracle Universal Installer creates the oraInventory directory the
first time it is run on a computer. The oraInventory directory keeps
an inventory of products that the Oracle Universal Installer installs
on your computer, as well as other installation information. If you
have previously installed Oracle products, then you may already have
an oraInventory directory.
When
a UNIX group name is created and specified, it grants the specified
group the permission to write to the oraInventory directory. If
another group attempts to run the installer, then they must have
permission to write to the oraInventory directory. If they do not have
permission, then the installation will fail.
The
location of oraInventory is defined in /var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc.
The
latest log file is:
/your_base_directory/oraInventory/logs/installActiontodays_date_time.log
Do
not delete or manually alter the oraInventory directory or its
contents. Doing so can prevent the installer from locating products
that you have installed on your system.
Starting
Oracle Universal Installer
Follow
these steps to launch Oracle Universal Installer and install
Oracle9iAS:
Insert
the CD labelled Disk 1 into the CD-ROM drive.
Mount
the installation CD-ROM.
Run
Oracle Universal Installer from the CD-ROM.
Note:
Be
sure you are not logged in as the root user when you start the Oracle
Universal Installer. If you are, then only the root user will have
permissions to manage Oracle9iAS.
Log
in as the oracle user.
Start
the installer by entering:
prompt>
mount_point/9ias_902disk1/runInstaller
Note:
Do
not use mount_point as your working directory when you start the
installer. If you do, then you will not be able to eject Disk 1 during
the installation process to insert Disk 2.
This
launches Oracle Universal Installer, which installs Oracle9iAS.
Installation
The
following sections provide the sequence and briefly describe the
installation screens that you will encounter for the three types of
Oracle9iAS installation. Oracle recommends reviewing the installation
sequence for a better understanding of the Oracle9iAS installation
process.
This
section describes the installation sequence for the following
Oracle9iAS installations:
Oracle9i
Application Server Installation
Oracle9iAS
Infrastructure Installation
Oracle9iAS
Developer Kits Installation
Oracle9i
Application Server Installation
Welcome
screen: Provides information about the Oracle Universal Installer.
Inventory
Location screen: Verify the location of the base directory for
installation files (First time installation).
File
Locations screen: Verify the source path, destination name, and
destination path for your Oracle9iAS installation.
Available
Products screen: Select the Oracle9i Application Server installation.
Installation
Types screen: Select one of the four Oracle9iAS install types
listed--J2EE and Web Cache, Portal and Wireless, Business Intelligence
and Forms, or Unified Messaging.
Component
Configuration and Startup screen: Select the components to configure
during the installation process.
One
of the following screens appears based on the presence or absence of
an instance of Oracle9iAS Single Sign-On on the install host:
Oracle9iAS
Infrastructure Use screen: The Oracle9iAS Infrastructure Use screen
appears for the installation of J2EE and Web Cache. The Oracle9iAS
Infrastructure Use screen allows you to select whether you will use
Oracle9iAS Single Sign-On or clustering (with Oracle9iAS
Infrastructure) or not with installation of the J2EE and Web Cache
install type.
Existing
Oracle9iAS Single Sign-On screen: The Existing Oracle9iAS Single
Sign-On screen appears for the Portal and Wireless, Business
Intelligence and Forms, or Unified Messaging install types. Enter the
Host Name and port number of your Oracle9iAS Single Sign-On instance.
Oracle
Internet Directory screen: Enter the username and password for your
registration of Oracle9iAS configuration information into Oracle
Internet Directory. The username you enter must be a member of the
IASAdmins group.
One
of the following screens appears based on whether Oracle9iAS has been
installed on your computer:
Create
Instance Name and ias_admin Password screen: This screen appears if
this is a first time installation of Oracle9iAS on this host. Enter
the following instance information:
Instance
Name: Identifies the installation instance of Oracle9iAS on this host.
ias_admin
Password: The ias_admin users password used to administer any
Oracle9iAS on this host. This password is required for installation of
additional Oracle9iAS instances.
Enter
ias_admin Password screen: This screen appears if the Oracle Universal
Installer has detected a previous installation of Oracle9iAS in your
Oracle home. Enter the ias_admin users password created from the
previous installation.
Create
Instance Name screen: This screen appears if the Oracle Universal
Installer has detected a previous installation of Oracle9iAS on this
host but in a different Oracle home. Enter an instance name to
identify this instance of Oracle9iAS.
Metadata
Repository screen: Select the Oracle9iAS Metadata Repository you would
like to use for this Oracle9iAS installation. This screen appears if
the Oracle Universal Installer detects multiple installations of
Oracle9iAS Metadata Repository.
Outgoing
Mail Server screen: Enter the outgoing mail server to use with
Oracle9iAS Reports Services. This screen appears if you have selected
Oracle9iAS Reports Services for installation.
Installation
Summary screen: Review the summary of your Oracle9iAS installation and
begin the installation process.
Install
screen: Appears while the product is installing. The screen shows
installation operations. No user interaction is required.
Oracle9iAS
Configuration Tools screen: Review the status of Oracle9iAS
configuration tools for components you have selected. No user
interaction is required.
End
of Installation screen: Appears at the end of the installation
process. It notifies you whether the installation was successful or
unsuccessful and provides information about accessing the Oracle9iAS
instance.
Oracle9iAS
Infrastructure Installation
Welcome
screen: Provides information about the Oracle Universal Installer.
Inventory
Location screen: Verify the location of the base directory for
installation files (First time installation).
File
Locations screen: Verify the source path, destination name, and
destination path for your Oracle9iAS installation.
Available
Products screen: Select the Oracle9iAS Infrastructure installation.
Select
Configuration Options screen: Select to either accept installer
recommendations for Oracle9iAS Infrastructure components, or specify
existing instances of components.
One
of the following two screens may appear based on your configuration
choices on the Select Configuration Options Screen
Existing
Oracle9iAS Single Sign-On: This screen appears if you have unchecked
the configuration of Oracle9iAS Single Sign-On on the Component
Configuration and Startup screen.
Existing
Oracle Internet Directory: This screen appears if you have unchecked
the configuration of Oracle Internet Directory on the Component
Configuration and Startup screen.
The
Oracle Universal Installer configures both Oracle Internet Directory
and Oracle9iAS Single Sign-On whether they are deselected or not. This
is completed to verify connectivity between Oracle Internet Directory
and Oracle9iAS Single Sign-On.
One
of the following screens appears based on whether Oracle9iAS has been
installed on your computer:
Create
Instance Name and ias_admin Password screen: This screen appears if
this is a first time installation of Oracle9iAS on this host. Enter
the following instance information:
Instance
Name: Identifies the installation instance of Oracle9iAS on this host.
ias_admin
Password: The ias_admin users password used to administer any
Oracle9iAS on this host. This password is required for installation of
additional Oracle9iAS instances.
Create
Instance Name screen: This screen appears if the Oracle Universal
Installer has detected a previous installation of Oracle9iAS on this
host but in a different Oracle home. Enter an instance name to
identify this instance of Oracle9iAS.
Privileged
Operating System Groups screen: This screen appears only if the oracle
account is not a member of the dba group. Enter the database
administrator and operator group name.
Database
Character Set screen: Select the Database Character Set from the list
you would like to use.
Installation
Summary screen: Review the summary of your Oracle9iAS installation and
begin the installation process.
Install
screen: Appears while the product is installing. The screen shows
installation operations. No user interaction is required.
Oracle9iAS
Configuration Tools screen: Review the status of Oracle9iAS
configuration tools for components you have selected. No user
interaction is required.
End
of Installation screen: Appears at the end of the installation
process. It notifies you whether the installation was successful or
unsuccessful and provides information about accessing the Oracle9iAS
instance.
Oracle9iAS
Developer Kits Installation
Welcome
screen: Provides information about the Oracle Universal Installer.
Inventory
Location screen: Verify the location of the base directory for
installation files (First time installation).
File
Location screen: Verify the source path, destination name, and
destination path for your Oracle9iAS installation.
Available
Products screen: Select the Oracle9iAS Infrastructure installation.
One
of the following screens appears based on whether Oracle9iAS has been
installed on your computer:
Create
Instance Name and ias_admin Password screen: This screen appears if
this is a first time installation of Oracle9iAS on this host. Enter
the following instance information:
Instance
Name: Identifies the installation instance of Oracle9iAS on this host.
ias_admin
Password: The ias_admin users password used to administer any
Oracle9iAS on this host. This password is required for installation of
additional Oracle9iAS instances.
Enter
ias_admin Password screen: This screen appears if the Oracle Universal
Installer has detected a previous installation of Oracle9iAS in your
Oracle home. Enter the ias_admin users password created from the
previous installation.
Create
Instance Name screen: This screen appears if the Oracle Universal
Installer has detected a previous installation of Oracle9iAS on this
host but in a different Oracle home. Enter an instance name to
identify this instance of Oracle9iAS.
Installation
Summary screen: Review the summary of your Oracle9iAS installation and
begin the installation process.
Install
screen: Appears while the product is installing. The screen shows
installation operations. No user interaction is required.
Oracle9iAS
Configuration Tools screen: Review the status of Oracle9iAS
configuration tools for components you have selected. No user
interaction is required.
End
of Installation screen: Appears at the end of the installation
process. It notifies you whether the installation was successful or
unsuccessful and provides information about accessing the Oracle9iAS
instance.
Additional
Oracle9iAS Product Installations
When
you are planning a subsequent Oracle9iAS installation, Oracle
recommends the following steps:
Review
the preinstallation tasks covered previously in this chapter.
Do
not delete or modify the /var/opt/oracle directory for subsequent
Oracle9iAS installations.
Make
sure any previously installed Oracle9iAS instances are running when
you initiate installation.
Specify
a different Oracle home than the first Oracle9iAS installation.
Use
the same oraInventory directory for subsequent Oracle9iAS
installations.
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